Wednesday, November 2, 2011

Infinitives and the Future Tense

In order to use a verb in the future tense, we must first know the INFINITIVE form of the verb.  In Somali, the infinitive is a verb which NEVER EVER EVER stands on its own.  When forming the future tense, we use the verb DOON with the infinitive.  On it's own, "DOON" means "to want", but when we use DOON (in the present habitual form) and add it to an infinitive verb, we have the future tense.

INFINITIVE
How to make a verb in it's infinitive form:
V1: add "i" to the end     EX: Keen ==> Keeni
V2A: add "n"to the end   EX:  Akhri ==> Akhrin
V2B: change the "-ee" to "-ey" and then add "n"  EX: Safee ==> Safeyn
V3A/B: drop the final "o" and add "an"   EX: Joogso ==> Joogsan

Exceptions and things to remember:

Rule #1) If the verb is a single syllable word with the short vowel "a", then the short vowel "a" will change to "e" in the infinitive form (except for the following exceptions in Rule #2)
Tag ==> Tegi

Rule #2) If the verb is a single syllable word with the short vowel "a" and the final consonant is a guttural consonant (c,x,) then the "a" changes to "i"
Bax ==> Bixi
Kac ==> Kici

Rule #3)  Don't forget your conjugation 1 verbs with sound changes
Maqal ==> Maqli
Arag ==> Arki
Hadal ==> Hadli
Qosol ==> Qosli
Hurud ==> Hurdi
Orod ==> Ordi
Cab ==> Cabbi  (double bb)

Rule #4) Irregular verbs
Noqo ==> Noqon
Imow ==> Iman
Oro ==> Oran
Ahaw ==> Ahaan




DOON
Doon is conjugated in the present habitual tense and it follows after the Infinitive of the verb.

I               Doonaa
You         Doontaa
He           Doonaa
She          Doontaa
We           Doonnaa
You all     Doontaan
They        Doonaan

Ok, time to put it together  (the easy part)     INFINITIVE + DOON (in present habitual)

Waan tegi doonaa                             I will go
Dukaanka baannu tegi doonnaa       We will go to the store
Waannu tegi doonnaa dukaanka      We will go to the store
Dugsiga bey tegi doonaan                They will go to the school
Wey tegi doonaan dugsiga               They will go to the school

Buug baan siin doonaa                              I will give a book
Guriga baan safeyn doonaa                       I will clean the house
Guriga baan joogsan doonaa                     I will stay at the house

Biyo baan cabbi doonaa               I will drink water







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